DIAGNÓSTICO DOS IMPACTOS DA QUALIDADE DAS NASCENTES DA APA DO MARACANÃ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.16891/2317-434X.v11.e3.a2023.pp2984-2995Abstract
In the municipality of São Luís-MA, the Bacanga river basin should be highlighted, especially the Maracanã sub-basin, where the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of Maracanã is located, which is being heavily impacted by anthropic action. The objective was to evaluate the quality of the water and the riparian forest of the springs in the Maracanã APA. The study area is located in the Maracanã Environmental Protection Area (APA). Samples were collected from five water points in the springs in the months of May, July, and September 2021. The physical-chemical parameters of the samples were analyzed: water temperature, turbidity, conductivity, pH, salinity, nitrite, nitrate, total dissolved solid, total phosphorus, hardness/CaCo3, Mg and dissolved oxygen, measured by HORIBA/U50 Multiparameter Probe equipment and the bacteriological analysis was performed by the COLItest method. For statistical analysis the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical parameters was performed. The results of the physical-chemical parameters observed, show variations of pH found in the average of the six points with their standard deviations in the three months, the lowest and highest value found were 3.35±0.67 in the month of September and 7.97±0.14 in May. The values of microbiological analysis of the APA water, specifically of thermotolerant bacteria, show changes in the sampled points the values were 3.7x105 and 9.70x105 CFU/mL in May, respectively. However the results obtained for the physical and chemical parameters of phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand remained within the maximum limits allowed by CONAMA nº 357/05. These results found may compromise the springs and impact the natural resource of the maracanã APA.
Key-words: Protection; Water; Parameters.