ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE DE GESTANTES USUÁRIAS DE CRACK: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.16891/2317-434X.v12.e3.a2024.pp4461-4476Abstract
The use of psychoactive substances (PAS) during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal health complications, affecting not only the well-being of the mother but also that of the fetus, confirming significant damage that significantly affects the health of the child and adult conceptus. The care of pregnant women using PAS requires specific skills on the part of health professionals due to its complexity. The purpose of this study is to analyze and highlight the available scientific literature on the health care of pregnant crack cocaine users through a scoping review. The guiding question was developed according to the Population, Concept and Context (PCC) strategy, in which P- pregnant crack users; C- pregnant women at risk; and C- health care. The question was therefore asked: "What is the scientific production on health care for pregnant crack users?". We selected 46 studies (2015-2021), of which 25 were produced in Brazil, 13 in the United States, 4 in Spain and 2 in Uruguay. The main objectives of the studies were: interventions and management of care during pregnancy, risks of substance use, application of tests, perception of pregnant women, psychological and psychiatric care, socio-affective strategies, demographic and clinical aspects and vulnerability of pregnant women. Primary care was addressed in 57% of the studies, while others addressed secondary and tertiary care, as well as specific categories such as nursing. The review revealed a gap in research on this population, reflecting the challenges of effective implementation of care and the paucity of evidence compared with other areas of health.