PRÁTICAS DE PROJETO PARA REDUZIR A PROLIFERAÇÃO DO AEDES AEGYPTI EM SISTEMAS PREDIAIS DE ESGOTO SANITÁRIO

Abstract

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is responsible for transmitting virus that cause dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and urban yellow fever. Brazil have experienced a significant increase in the number of dengue cases and deaths in 2024 and a portion of Aedes aegypti breeding sites are found within residential houses, especially in areas with stagnant water. Some epidemiological surveillance teams find mosquito breeding sites in sewage drains. Therefore, how can building sanitation systems be designed to prevent potential Aedes aegypti breeding sites? This research addresses this issue by analyzing the project of a residential building with 12 pavements in Blumenau (Santa Catarina); city that declared emergency state due to dengue in March 2024. The study examines potential mosquito breeding sites in the building sanitation systems, and it is proposed good design practices for reducing Aedes aegypti proliferation in the sanitary fixtures. These best practices encompass the identification of sanitary fixtures with lower frequency of use; and, the adoption of retractable covers on drains; and the design of sewer network layouts that prevent stagnant water in sanitary fixtures. These practices do not obviate the need for public policies on epidemiological surveillance and public awareness campaigns, however, it contributes to a more effective alignment of engineering projects with the public health challenges.