PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF WELL WATER IN THE DISTRICT OF CACHOEIRA, POMBAL – PB

Abstract

The study sought to analyze the quality of water from wells in the District of Cachoeira, located in the city of Pombal-PB, using physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters, highlighting possible risks for the population that consumes it. The research was initially carried out in loco, where samples were obtained for further analysis, soon after, these were taken to the soil and water laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba – IFPB – Campus Sousa. Temperature values were obtained while still on site, using a digital thermometer, the other parameters were analyzed in the laboratory. For the electrical conductivity, a portable digital conductivity meter was used, while the Ph was analyzed with the aid of a digital pHgameter. To obtain Na⁺ and K⁺ values, flame photometry was used, the concentrations of Ca⁺⁺, Mg⁺⁺, HCO₃^- and Cl^- ions were evidenced by the titration method. The analysis of fecal and total coliforms was performed using the chromogenic substrate. All results were compared with the values described in MG/MS Ordinance No. 888 of May 4, 2021 and evaluated in triplicate for later statistical testing. It was found that well P1 obtained unsatisfactory results in the concentrations of Cl^- and TDS and that well P2 obtained unsatisfactory results in the evaluation of Na⁺, Cl^- and TDS, therefore, both do not meet the criteria described by the ordinance in force. Furthermore, wells P3, P4 and P5 showed satisfactory values for all physical-chemical parameters proposed in this study, meeting the established potability criteria. All analyzed samples also obtained satisfactory results in the analysis of fecal and total coliforms, showing the absence of such microorganisms in 100ml of analyzed water, as described by the ordinance in force. Given the data obtained at the end of the study, it is evident that the samples from wells P1 and P2 have parameters incompatible with human consumption, however, they can be used for domestic activities. On the other hand, the water from wells P3, P4 and P5 are of good quality, in accordance with the parameters evaluated and described by the Ministry of Health, however, it is recommended that tests are carried out every six months to ensure that there has not been any type of contamination. , whether by chemicals or microorganisms.

Keywords: Water resources; Groundwater; Fecal coliforms.