EFEITOS DA DEFICIÊNCIA DE HIGIENE ORAL NA GRAVIDEZ: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.16891/612Abstract
Durante a gravidez ocorrem alterações hormonais, que podem exacerbar processos inflamatórios, como a gengivite e a periodontite. Algumas gestantes não têm conhecimento sobre o quanto a higiene oral tem relação com uma gravidez saudável e, como as bactérias presentes na cavidade oral podem induzir parto prematuro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi através de uma revisão de literatura analisar a correlação entre gengivite e periodontite durante e após o período gestacional. Foi realizada a busca de publicações nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e Bireme utilizando-se as seguintes palavras-chave: periodontitis, pregnant women e gengivitis, Como critérios de inclusão foram artigos que descrevem os assuntos de doenças bucais manifestadas no período da gestação, periodontite e gengivite; correlacionando a presença desses com o parto prematuro; artigo publicado de janeiro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2018 e língua inglesa. Selecionaram-se 53 trabalhos, e após análise dos resumos, 23 foram excluídos e ao final 30 artigos foram escolhidos. Para que a doença periodontal ocorra é necessário a ausência e/ou deficiência de higiene oral, além disso, uma série de fatores a mais do que as alterações provenientes da gravidez podem influenciar para que ocorram esses desfechos. A correlação entre a má higiene oral e patógenos provenientes com uma série de efeitos indesejáveis no período gestacional, destacando-se o parto prematuro e baixo peso ao nascer. O presente trabalho se torna relevante ao analisar relação entre a doença e os efeitos adversos na gravidez, observando a falta de informações das gestantes sobre alterações orais e complicações na gravidez.
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